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Course Outline

The Global Capital Markets

  • Definition of financial markets
  • Historical evolution of the contemporary global financial system
  • Influence and function of financial media
  • Architecture of primary capital markets:
    • Exchanges, clearinghouses, and regulatory bodies
    • Contemporary trends in global investment flows
    • Classification of stock exchange operational models
    • The function of stock exchanges within modern market structures
    • Overview of major exchanges in the United States, Europe, the Middle East, and Asia

Financial Markets Regulation:

  • Capital adequacy standards
  • Basel I framework
  • Basel II framework
  • Basel III requirements and associated implications
  • Origins of new product development initiatives

The Different Asset Classes and Their Markets

  • Current trading instruments on stock exchanges
  • Equities: Common and preferred shares
  • Bonds: Corporate and government obligations
  • Bond structures: Fixed-rate, floating-rate, zero-coupon instruments, and the yield curve
  • Money market instruments
  • Foreign exchange markets
  • Determinants of investor acquisition and disposition decisions
  • Income generation versus capital appreciation
  • Interdependencies among various asset classes
  • Interconnection between exchange-traded and over-the-counter (OTC) markets

Short Term Money Market

  • Certificates of deposit
  • U.S. Treasury bills
  • Commercial paper
  • Trade paper and banker’s acceptances
  • Industry conventions and operational practices
  • Key market participants

The Different Types of Stock Exchange investor

  • Direct investors
  • Fund management entities
  • Hedge fund operations
  • Direct stock exchange participants
  • Investment banks, brokers, hedge funds, and prime brokerage services
  • Internal market dynamics: Buy-side versus sell-side interactions

The Role of the Stock Exchange

  • Venues for product trading
  • Significance of the over-the-counter (OTC) marketplace
  • Historical progression of stock exchanges
  • Premier stock exchanges in current market environments
  • Structural differences among U.S., European, and Asian markets
  • Asset classes traded across global stock exchanges
  • Primary and secondary market distinctions
  • Key exchanges: New York, Euronext, London, Shanghai, and Hong Kong
  • Value proposition of listed companies to investors
  • Leveraging exchanges for liquidity aggregation and capital formation
  • Capital raising methodologies
  • Initial public offerings and alternative listing mechanisms

Clearing & Settlement

  • Settlement mechanics and associated risks
  • Operational conventions across major global markets
  • Equities, bonds, and derivative settlements
  • Derivatives clearing procedures
  • The function of the Central Counterparty (CCP)
  • CCP services rendered to stock exchanges
  • Margin requirements and management
  • Security trade settlement workflows
  • Pre-settlement activities
  • Final settlement execution
  • Operational challenges: unmatched trades, delayed settlements, and failed deliveries
  • Exchange-imposed settlement standards
  • The trade lifecycle: integration from execution to final settlement
  • Role of International Central Securities Depositories (ICSDs) and Central Securities Depositories (CSDs): LCH.Clearnet, Euroclear, Crest, Clearstream International, and the Depository Trust Company (DTC)

Custody

  • Functions of custodians in securities markets
  • Settlement assurance and asset safeguarding
  • Income distribution management and corporate action processing
  • Cash management and transaction financing
  • Supplementary value-added services
  • Accounting and reporting functions
  • Securities lending and collateral administration
  • Trustee responsibilities
  • Asset valuation reporting

Alternative Investments

  • Definition and scope of alternative investments
  • Structured products: Risk profiles and return potential
  • Hedge funds: Risk exposure and control frameworks
  • Venture capital: Valuation methodologies, risk assessment, and governance
  • Private equity and angel investing
  • Utilization of derivatives in asset management strategies
  • Differentiation between OTC and exchange-traded derivatives (ETD)
  • Derivative instruments employed in portfolio management
  • Futures contracts
  • Options contracts
  • Risk mitigation and control measures for derivatives, including documentation, valuation accuracy, and reporting compliance

The Management of Quoted Equity Investment

  • Risks inherent in securities acquisition
  • Risks associated with ongoing securities management
  • Risk factors related to corporate actions
  • Pricing methodologies for quoted equities
  • Primary sources of market risk
  • Standard controls within equity investment operations
  • Risks specific to international equity markets

The Management of Quoted Fixed Income Investment

  • Risks involved in acquiring and divesting fixed income securities
  • Application of credit ratings and associated risk implications
  • Pricing risks for fixed income instruments
  • Risk management and controls in corporate fixed income processing
  • Risks specific to government securities
  • Sovereign credit ratings
  • Valuation standards for government securities
  • Risk protocols and controls within sovereign bond processing

The Market and Credit Risks of investing in Global Market

  • Market risk factors
  • Value at Risk (VAR) methodologies
  • Market risk modeling techniques
  • Credit risk components
  • Measurement of credit risk exposure
  • Global market risk dynamics
  • Money market risk factors
  • Risks associated with over-the-counter (OTC) transactions
  • Exchange-specific risks
 14 Hours

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